Underground Orchid
The Underground Orchid (Rhizanthella gardneri) is a rare and strange form of terrestrial orchid found in a few areas of Southwestern Australia. Like other members of its genus, Rhizanthella, it is a tuberous plant, lacking leaves and using a specially adapted stem to capture and store light for photosynthesis. This adaptation lets the plant thrive in a completely dark underground environment. The Underground Orchid lacks chlorophyll and instead makes use of a fungal partner to provide it with nutrients. It produces a solitary flower above ground every three years.
Due to its underground habitat, the Underground Orchid does not need regular watering. It is recommended to check the moisture levels of the habitat regularly, and if the soil appears dry, it should be watered sparingly. This orchid is quite tolerant of drought and excess watering should be avoided.
Underground Orchids receive no direct light due to their subterranean location and photosynthesise using the light that is reflected off surrounding rocks and dirt. The Underground Orchid relies entirely on the light that is reflected off the subterranean environment to allow photosynthesis to take place.
Underground Orchids require a cool environment with temperatures ranging from 10°C (50°F) to 18°C (64°F). They are best kept in a cool and dry place, with temperatures between 17°C (63°F) and 21°C (70°F) in the summer, and 10-15°C (50-59°F) in the winter.
The Underground Orchid thrives in a humid environment but is tolerant of lower relative humidity. If the surrounding environment is too dry, humidifiers should be used in order to raise the humidity. The ideal humidity levels should be between 70-90% relative humidity.
The Underground Orchid prefers a well-draining and chunky mix, composed of two parts specialized orchid mix and one part coarse, perlite, or medium-grade pumice. In order to create a well-aerated soil, it is recommended to add 10-25% bark chunks. Sphagnum moss can also be added for additional moisture retention and drainage capabilities.
The Underground Orchid should be fertilized once every two weeks during the growing season using a balanced liquid fertilizer of a 10-10-10 N-P-K ratio at half strength. Alternatively, fertilizer sticks or slow-release granules may be used. It is important to discontinue fertilizing during the winter months or when the orchid is not actively growing to avoid potential root burn or other mineral deficiencies.
The Underground Orchid is known to be susceptible to pests such as aphids, mites, thrips, and mealybugs. It is important to closely monitor it for any sign of infestation and take appropriate measures to get rid of them. The best way to control pests is through the use of insecticidal soap or neem oil. Neem oil is the most effective and widely available pest control option as it is safe to use on edible crops. Regular inspections of the orchid should be done to detect any signs of pests. These can include the presence of white webs, yellow spots, or shiny specks on the leaves or stems of the plant.
The Underground Orchid should be repotted every three years in the spring. Depending on the size of the orchid, a 6- to 8-inch pot will be sufficient. Before repotting, it is important to let the tuber settle in the new soil for at least two days in a warm room with indirect sunlight. This will help the orchid to adjust to its new environment.
The Underground Orchid does not require much pruning. If used, it should be done strictly for cosmetic purposes, as the removal of healthy tissue may greatly harm the plant. If pruning is necessary, it should be done in the winter months when the orchid is not actively growing.
The Underground Orchid does not require mulching, however, it is important to make sure the soil remains loose and airy at all times. To ensure this, it is best to add a layer of gravel or pebbles over the soil to help keep it well aerated. This will also help retain the moisture levels of the soil.
The Underground Orchid can be propagated through the division of tubers. During the winter months, the tubers can be divided into smaller pieces, and each piece can be planted in its own pot or container. It is important to use a well-draining and chunky soil mix, and to provide the orchid with support. The newly transplanted tuber should be given time to adjust to its new environment and soil.
The Underground Orchid does not require much support, however, when it is in bloom, support may be needed to keep the flower upright. To do this, a stick or small stake can be placed into the pot alongside the seedling, and the stem can be gently tied to the support using twine or cane.
The Underground Orchid is a deciduous species and goes dormant during the winter months. During this time, the plant will stop growing and the orchid should be given no fertilizer. It may be necessary to move the plant to a cooler area to mimic its natural environment and provide the best conditions for rest.
The Underground Orchid is not toxic to pets, but it is important to keep the plant away from cats, dogs, or other pets as they may be attracted to the flowers or the plant itself and cause damage to the orchid.
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