Giant Helleborine
Giant Helleborine (Epipactis gigantea) is a stunning, evergreen perennial orchid native to meadows, edges of woodlands, and chalkdowns throughout Europe. Growing up to 3 feet high, it produces tall cylindrical spikes with drooping, pink, green, or cream-colored, orchidlike flowers in mid-summer. The foliage is composed of long, ribbed leaves that give this herbaceous perennial and handsome look. It is considered a good choice for a naturalized wildflower garden.
Giant Helleborine requires regular water during its active growing season. The soil should be kept evenly moist. During the winter and fall months, when the plants are not actively growing, only occasional watering may be required.
Giant helleborine is best grown in full sun to partial shade. In hot summer regions, full sun for part of the day and some afternoon shade are ideal. If grown in the shade, the plants may not flower as profusely or bloom as long.
Giant Helleborine can tolerate a wide range of temperatures, from -15 degrees Celsius to 20 degrees Celsius, or 5-68 degrees Fahrenheit. Ideally, day and night temperatures should be relatively consistent.
Giant Helleborine prefers moderately humid air, but can survive in both dry and humid climates. Watering the plant daily and misting it with dechlorinated water will help maintain adequate humidity levels.
Giant Helleborine prefers soil with a pH ranging from 5.3 to 6.5 for optimal growth. A well-draining potting mix high in organic matter is ideal for successful growth.
Giant Helleborine should be fertilized twice a month during its active growing season. A balanced slow-release fertilizer diluted to half strength is best for optimal flowering and growth. Organic fertilizers can also be used, such as a liquid fish emulsion diluted to a quarter strength as an alternative to the slow-release fertilizer.
Giant Helleborine is relatively pest-resistant, although it can be affected by various slugs, snails, and scale insects. If damage to the leaves is noticed, the plant should be inspected for pests. Pests can be removed manually or treated with an acceptable insecticide. Additionally, removing weeds or grass which may compete for water and nutrients can also help reduce pest infestations.
Giant Helleborine should be repotted every 2-3 years to refresh the soil. The soil should be well-draining and made of equal parts potting soil, peat moss, and perlite. The pot should be one size larger than the previous one in order to give the roots enough room to grow.
Despite its tall height, Giant Helleborine does not require regular pruning. To neaten the appearance of the plant, dead or damaged foliage may be trimmed away, but the flower stems should not be cut back until after the flowers have faded and died.
A layer of mulch, such as fine bark or shredded leaves, should be placed around the base of the plant to maintain soil moisture and prevent weeds from sprouting up.
Giant Helleborine can be propagated through seed or division. Seeds should be planted no deeper than 1/4 inch in the soil, and division should be done during its dormant season when it's not actively growing. Propagation through seed is typically more successful than division.
Giant Helleborine should be supported during its growing season to keep the tall flower stems from breaking under their own weight. For this, a simple stake should be placed in the same pot, not in the plant's root ball.
Giant Helleborine does not require a dormancy period; however, it will benefit from it. During the late winter season, when its growth is reduced, its soil should be allowed to dry out completely between waterings to induce a dormant state.
No, Giant Helleborine is non-toxic to pets.
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