Gasteria

Though a desert plant, Gasteria still requires balanced, regular watering to remain healthy. Their soil should be allowed to dry out for at least a couple of days in between waterings. Water deeply, but do not water over the bumpy leaves or they may rot. Only water once the soil has become dry to the touch, and avoid overwatering by allowing the water to catch and flow away from the leaves. Drought-tolerant, they can also survive periods of neglect, allowing the soil to dry out entirely before watering.

This succulent requires plenty of filtered light during the day to remain healthy and vibrant, though it does not require direct exposure to sunlight. It should be placed in bright but indirect light, such as in a north or east facing window or beneath sheer curtains. The leaves of a Gasteria will often be more colorful with brighter lighting. To prevent the plant becoming too leggy from reaching for light, it should be rotated often.

Gasteria prefers moderate temperatures between 50-70°F (10-21°C), and should not be exposed to temperatures below 40°F (4°C). Extreme temperatures can cause the plant to shed its leaves, ruin its appearance and weaken its health. It should be protected from cold drafts and cold nights.

Gasteria prefers dry conditions, ideally with relative humidity levels below 40%. Avoid misting the plant as it is not adapted to humid conditions. To ensure the best environment inside as well as outside of the home, invest in a dehumidifier or air conditioner in particularly humid climates.

Gasteria prefer a well-draining soil mix for optimum growth, which can be achieved by mixing sandy loam, compost, and perlite. An unglazed terracotta pot or other clay pot is recommended due to its porous nature, allowing water to evaporate more quickly and maintain balanced soil moisture. Additionally, use only soil formulated for succulents and cacti to prevent the plant from becoming over-watered.

Fertilize Gasteria only during the growing season, typically in the spring and summer. Use a balanced or weak liquid fertilizer, and only apply once a month or every two weeks depending on the product’s directions. Do not over-fertilize as this can cause leaf burn and other nutrient-related issues. Additionally, flush the soil with plain water every one to two months to remove any accumulated salt.

Gasteria is very prone to pests such as mealy bugs, aphids, scale insects, spider mites and fungus gnats. As these pests feed on the juices of the plant, their presence can rapidly weaken the plant, causing leaf death or root rot. Keep an eye out for yellow or brown spots on the leaves, sticky residue and webbing that indicate pests. To remove the pests, mix mild soap and water and spray the leaves. Rubbing alcohol can also be used to spot-treat stubborn areas. For severe infestations, it is recommended to use a neem oil spray.

Feed young plants with weak roots, or those in containers that are too small, every two weeks during the growing season. This should be done to ensure adequate nutrition and adequate soil for growth. Repotting should be done once every two years during the spring in a new, slightly larger pot. Use a porous potting mix of half-composted bark, with some added perlite and pumice for drainage. Make sure the pot is well-draining to prevent build-up of moisture.

Gasteria are slow growers and typically do not need to be pruned. If you wish to prune it to maintain size or shape, use sharp and sterilized blades. Prune only up to the point of healing, making sure not to cut into, or remove, any of the wart-like bumps. Additionally, care must be taken to avoid pruning any leaves with bumps as this can weaken the overall health of the plant.

Mulch can help to retain soil moisture in arid climates, ensuring consistent growth and health. Use neutral-colored mulch such as coconut coir or peat moss to prevent the soil from getting too hot. For best results, place a few inches of mulch around the base of the plant, but keep it away from the leaves to prevent rot.

Gasteria can be propagated by leaf cuttings during the growing season. Start by gently pulling off a leaf from the base of the plant and allow it to dry for one to two days. Next, insert it into a well-draining soil mix, with the pointed side facing down. Place the pot in indirect sunlight, and introduce a misting routine until the cutting has rooted. Avoid excessive watering to prevent rotting.

Though slow-growing, Gasteria may need some external support, such as a moss pole or other wooden frame, in order to keep its stems and branches upright beneath the weight of the plant. Be sure to use a safe material such as wood, as metal and plastic materials are too slippery and may cause the plant to fall.

Gasteria does not require a rest period like some other succulents since this can stunt its growth and reduce its vibrant color. Keep its environment consistent with bright but indirect light and regular, balanced watering.

Gasteria is not toxic to cats or dogs, making it a safe and attractive addition to any home.