Echinocereus

These cacti like their soil to be moist during spring and summer, but not so much as to become soggy. Water deeply when the soil appears dry, but aim to keep the soil dry during the winter months for its dormant period. Be sure to check the soil frequently in the winter to make sure the plant does not dry out completely.

Echinocereus do best in bright, indirect light. But they can tolerate direct sun and light shade. Depending on the depth of their root system, they can do well even with up to five hours of sun in the summertime. Much more than this can be too hot, and the plants will suffer from sunburn or heat stress.

Echinocereus are tolerant of rather cool temperatures, around 40°F (4.4°C). But the ideal temperature range is 55°F to 80°F (12.7°C to 26.7°C). In areas where temperatures dip below 40°F, the plant will be dormant until warmer weather returns.

Echinocereus are sensitive to moisture levels in the air, and prefer low humidity levels. During spring and summer, when the plant is actively growing, aim for an indoor humidity of between 40% and 50%. During the winter months, when the plant is dormant, let the humidity drop to 30%.

Echinocereus prefer a soil that drains quickly and does not retain too much moisture. You can create your own soil mix by combining 45% regular potting soil, 25% coarse sand, 25% perlite, and 5% organic material. Make sure the soil is free of pathogens and pesticides before using.

You should start fertilizing your Echinocereus in the springtime, when the plant has begun active growth. Use a slow-release fertilizer that is specifically designed for cacti and succulents, and aim to fertilize every three to four weeks. During the wintertime, stop fertilizing to allow the plant to enter its dormant period.

Echinocereus are relatively resistant to pests, however, mealybugs, cactus lace bugs, scale, and mites can all affect the plant. The best way to combat these pests is to use an appropriate insecticide that is safe for use on cacti. Make sure to spray the underside of the leaves where the insects might hide, and to apply pesticides only during cooler hours of the day.

Echinocereus should be repotted every two to four years, depending on the size of the pot. Springtime is the best time to repot, as the plant will already be actively growing. When you need to repot, use a pot that is one or two inches larger than the current pot. Make sure to use a soil mix that is specifically formulated for cacti and succulents.

Echinocereus can benefit from pruning, which encourages a fuller and healthier plant. Do not remove more than 25% of the total stem length, as this can put too much stress on the plant. Prune back damaged branches to encourage new growth, and prune excess stems away from the core of the plant.

Echinocereus benefit from mulching. Use small stones or gravel, and avoid using wood chips, as these are too large and can attract pests. The mulch should be no more than two inches thick, and it should be placed around the base of the plant to help retain moisture.

Echinocereus can be easily propagated from stem cuttings. Cut a stem that is at least four inches long and remove the lower leaves. Let the stem callous for a few days, and then plant it in a pot with a succulent and cactus-friendly mix. Cover with a plastic bag, and keep the soil just damp. After a few weeks, the cutting will start to root. Once roots are visible, you can remove the plastic bag.

Echinocereus do not need additional support, as their stems are naturally sturdy. But if necessary, you can use a stake to help keep the stems upright. Do not tie the stems too tightly to the stake, as this can harm the plant.

Echinocereus enter a brief period of dormancy over the winter months. During this time, they will stop growing and conserve energy. You should take this time to reduce watering and fertilizing, as too much moisture can damage the roots.

Echinocereus plants are only mildly toxic to pets, and ingestion of the plant material can cause some stomach upset. If your pet does ingest one of these plants, watch for any signs of vomiting or diarrhea. Seek veterinary attention if necessary.