Black Stem Elephant Ear

Young plants need to be watered regularly in order to reach their ideal growth potential. Mature plants should be watered lightly every other day, with heavier watering intervals during the warmer months (May-September). One should ensure the soil is always evenly moist but never soggy.

The Black Stem Elephant Ear prefers indirect sunlight and partial shade. If located in an area with more direct sun, the leaves may become scorched. This plant should never be placed in full shade or full sun, but in an environment with generous filtered sunlight. Alternately, it can thrive in artificial light and is not above short periods of direct exposure.

The Black Stem Elephant Ear grows best when temperatures are between 60-85°F (15-30° Celsius). Prolonged temperatures below 50°F (10° Celsius) can be damaging and may result in leaf burn or other issues.

Colocasia esculenta 'Black Stem' prefers humidity levels between 40-60%. A humidifier may be necessary if humidity levels are below 40%. Additionally, misting the plant a few times a week can help to raise humidity levels in the immediate vicinity.

Colocasia esculenta 'Black Stem' prefers a well-draining soil with average fertility levels. A smart mix would be equal parts of potting soil, peat moss, and perlite. Sandy or loamy soils with high levels of organic matter are ideal to ensure adequate drainage and moisture retention.

Fertilizer in the form of slow-release granules should be applied in the early spring and summer. An all-purpose fertilizer (strength 10-10-10) should be used monthly during the growing season, ensuring to keep the fertilizer away from the plant leaves and stem. Liquid or water-soluble feedings are recommended during the summer months, though one should check the ingredients to ensure the fertilizer is safe for the plant species.

There are several common pests and diseases associated with Colocasia esculenta 'Black Stem'. Insect issues may include spider mites, aphids, and mealybugs, all of which can cause leaves to yellow or develop silvery discoloration. To mitigate insect damage, regularly check the back of leaves for pests, or tent the plant with a fine-mesh net to catch and remove any pests. Fungal diseases, such as leaf spot and root rot, are also known to affect the plant, particularly with prolonged periods of cold or wet weather conditions. To minimize fungal damage, soil should be allowed to dry out between watering cycles, and the plant should be pruned regularly to remove any yellow or brown leaves.

The Black Stem Elephant Ear should be repotted in a new container every two to three years. When repotting, move to a container one size larger for optimal growth and check for root rot, removing any diseased roots during the process. Soft, black or discolored roots should be pruned off with sharp garden clippers.

Pruning should mainly be done to control size or remove faded leaves. It’s important to pinch or shorten any extremely long stems to encourage fuller, bushier growth, or to trim off dead leaves that have turned brown or yellow. As with any pruning job, use quality tools that have been sanitized with rubbing alcohol to reduce the risk of inadvertent infection.

Mulching should be done to help retain soil moisture levels and keep roots warm during colder months. Suitable material for mulching includes organic materials such as grass clippings, straw, wood chips, bark chips, and pine needles.

Propagation seldom fails if enough care and attention are given to the process. To propagate, use a sharp knife to cut a piece of stem below the petiole and root in a well-aerated potting mix. Once the new plant is established and healthy, it can be moved outdoors. During the process, one should check often for any signs of pests or disease.

Supporting the Colocasia esculenta 'Black Stem' with a structure such as a trellis or stakes may be necessary to keep from breaking with the weight of the foliage during the summer months. Placing a large rock or brick beneath the stem can also help to provide additional support.

Colocasia esculenta 'Black Stem' enters a dormant period from January to February (in the Northern Hemisphere). During this time, watering should be reduced significantly to allow for a resting period. If necessary, one may reduce humidity levels to further encourage a rest period.

Colocasia esculenta 'Black Stem' is toxic to pets if ingested. Therefore, it is important to keep the plant out of reach of small animals and children. If ingestion were to occur, seek medical attention immediately.